Astronomy 107, Spring 2022, U. Louisville

Check this website frequently for course announcements and information.


            Instructor:   Dr. Gerard Williger, Natural Science Bldg (NS) 206
              Contact:  tel 852-0821, e-mail gmwill06* where *=@louisville.edu
                               Here are links for my  homepage and my teaching page (with grading history)
              Office hours: After class for one hour AND by appointment.
                            As a general policy, I don't answer questions about an assignment or
                            test on the day it's due/given.   It's not a good way to study, and it
                            can swamp me.  I'll happily be available before due dates, though.
              MeetsTue/Thu 3:30-4:15pm in the planetarium +  lecture hall (LE, Nat Sci 130),
                            tests/exam plus other lectures), and the online as
                           announced
              Class number107-02         3 credits


COVID-19 RESOURCES/LINKS


SPECIAL NOTES FOR THE SWITCH TO ELECTRONIC INSTRUCTION AS OF MAR. 18, 2020 and all "hybrid" courses thereafter,
DUE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC:

The class is during the COVID pandemic, and changes may be made at any time.  Things to note:
1) Homework will be submitted via paper unless otherwise noted.  See "Weekly Assignments"  for due dates
2) Lectures will be given mostly in person.  Often, I will afterwards post slides/audio files on the class protected site
3) A class discussion board for students to pose and answer each other's questions will be created on BlackBoard.
4) Testing will be in person unless otherwise noted.

UL Student Support Page for the COVID-19 situation.




         In addition to the instructor and your classmates, these people can help you.
        It is your responsibility to get help when you need it.
            Graders/Tutors:   Grader: to be announced on BlackBoard
                                    REACH tutors: Jacob Schagene and Sam Jones (book appointments via the
REACH Center)
                                    PLC tutors: Kyle Cook
(kwcook01@), Justin Hill (jahill09@), Wade Roemer (wade.roemer@)
                                            General PLC hours: Mon 10-4pm, Tue 10am-2pm, Wed 10am-4pm, Thu 10am-4pm, Fri 11am-4pm, in Nat Sci 304
                                    Cook: Mon 10-11am, 2-4pm; Wed 10-11am; Thu 11am-noon
                                    Hill: Tue 4-5pm (class time, sorry); Wed 1-2, 4-5pm; Fri 1-3pm
                                    Roemer: Wed 11am-noon; Thu noon-3pm
                                    The fourth tutor, Diptaparna Biswas, says he can take astronomy questions, too.

                                    Our 2009-2010 Learning Assistant, Russell Tabolt,  and several other good students (most or all A-Stars)
                                    had this advice for students how to do well.
                                    The Learning Assistant LA program is normally sponsored by the REACH Center,
                                    which offers many tutoring services, including math help.  We do not have an LA
                                    this semester. 

                                    Please contact the
REACH Center,  the Physics Learning Center or an A-Star if you need help. 

             A-Stars:           See the A-Star page for a list of current A-stars.
                                   
              Tutoring:       REACH Center, including math tutoring in Strickler 226, tel 852-8114
                                    This course uses high school math (algebra and trigonometry).

                                   
UL undergraduate admissions standards are here.
                                    Some Kentucky high school standards for math and science are here.

                                     If you need help, come to the REACH center or PLC, the tutors or Dr. Williger.
                                    Many students in this course have found that they can handle the math
                                    once they get a little help.  If you are in remedial math or in Math 105/107/109 (remember
                                    that Math 111 is the gen-ed requirement) you should definitely
                                    get weekly tutoring until you consistently get at least 50% on the quizzes.

Please note that the lab is a different, completely INDEPENDENT course (Physics & Astronomy 108), which, if taken,
need not be during the same semester.


You need to bring these items to face to face class each time:

pencil, clicker, to be ready for a POP QUIZ
(possible any time, either on paper or via clicker).

 Click for details and quiz/test/class ETIQUETTE.


YOU WILL NEED TO BUY A CLICKER AND (FOR EXTRA CREDIT) A PLANISPHERE - DETAILS HERE
Click HERE - HOW TO REGISTER YOUR CLICKER (scroll down on FAQ page)


OBJECTIVES and  TEXTBOOK: click here for details

As usual with college courses, you are expected to spend 2-3 hours reading, doing homework, studying,
 etc. for each credit hour of the class. It's a 3 hour course,
so that means 6-9 hours outside work per week ON AVERAGE. Some people need more, some less. If
you
need help,  please come to the instructor, grader, tutors, your fellow classmates, the Physics Learning
Center
and/or the Reach Center.
We're all here to help. But, you need to take responsibility for yourself to seek help if you need it.

Here are some words of wisdom for effective studying from a student.
Here are more words of wisdom to succeed in college astronomy
(and other classes) from Jeff Bennett,  a renowned college astronomy educator,
and the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.


WEEKLY ASSIGNMENTS: Reading, Homework, Challenge Pblms, Pre/post tests: (link)


ASTRO-NEWS titles and links to news in astronomy - REQUIRED READING for quizzes and tests!



LINKS Equations used in class, including a few REQUIRED EQUATIONS to learn, 
constellation sites
to extra material (fair game for extra credit) and in-depth explanations and student questions.

SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL in-depth explanations, chapter by chapter, plus simulators and other fun stuff.
For Autumn 2019: See the Netflix series "The Universe" for more material about what we are studying.  The first
episode is on the sun and relates well to our class work.  Thanks to Joe Vicars for the recommendation!

PROTECTED
which has answers to homework/quizzes/tests, PowerPoints, in-class assignments etc.

HOMEWORK POLICY: on paper unless otherwise announced, policy on copying/cheating and other rules

TEST POLICY

COURSE BUILDING/ROOM BY DAY:
LOCATION:
About half the classes classes will be in the Planetarium (PL)  About half will be in Nat Sci 130 (LE).
Schedule (subject to revision)
 TUE            ____      THU
01/11
LE                     01/13PL
01/18PL                     01/20LE
01/25PL                     01/25LE
02/01PL                     02/03LE
02/08PL                     02/10LE
02/15PL                     02/17LE Midterm 1 (Ch 1-6)
02/22PL                     02/24LE
03/01PL                     03/08LE
03/08PL                     03/10LE
             Spring Break

03/22PL                     03/24LE
03/29PL                     03/31LE Midterm 2 (Ch 7-13; postponed from Mar. 24)
04/05PL                     04/07LE
04/12PL                     04/14LE
04/19
PL                     04/21LE
Tue Apr 26, 3pm: question session, Nat Sci 130

 



CUMULATIVE FINAL EXAM: SATURDAY Apr 30, 2022 at 4:45-7:15pm, in Nat Sci 130


GRADING POLICY: in a nutshell, participation (clickers) 12.5%, homework 12.5%,  2 midterms 18.75% each, cumulative final 37.5%,
Historically, 3-5% is roughly 1/3 of a letter grade (the difference
between a B+ and A-), but the exact scale varies from semester to semester. 
I reserve the right to change the weighting formula in case of substantial missed work for medical or other
excused absences.


EXCUSED ABSENCES: If you have a written, verifiable excuse from a third party (doctor, sports coach etc.), I can excuse
you from a homework assignment due that day or a paper quiz that day. For a death in the family etc.
take care of your family first, but I would eventually like to see some sort of documentation (newspaper notice etc.) after the fact.  For a test, I need written documentation and please
notify me a week in advance to talk about the possibility of a makeup.  The University Testing Center administers (and charges for)
make-up tests and final exams - see here.  If you miss a Big Quiz/Midterm or the Final Exam, speak with me in real time (phone, Microsoft Teams etc.)
I generally don't excuse missed clicker points, in-class assignments etc.  If you miss several of those, please
See the Frequently Asked Questions link below for more details.



IF YOU MISS CLASS:
Get notes etc. from a classmate. 
The slides already covered are usually available on the class protected site.
There is usually an audio file for each class, too, on the class protected site.
Get help from a tutor or the instructor as needed.
Missed clicker points cannot be made up.  However, clicker points are calculated such that a student can miss 20-25%
   of the lectures without penalty, on average.

 

EXTRA CREDIT DETAILS  There are several assignments offered each semester. They will be announced as they come up. 

1) SURVEYS:
1a) Do the student survey. 
If you did not do it in class, an electronic copy will be offered.
1b) Do the pre-course diagnostic survey, due on Fri 14 Jan at 4pm (EXTENDED) on BlackBoard. It is worth 2 bonus clicker points (about +0.2% on your grade).
You have one hour and one try with BlackBoard.  Since BlackBoard often times out when one is logged in from off-campus, I strongly
urge you to do the survey WITH A GOOD INTERNET CONNECTION. Let me know if it "hangs". I may be able
to fix it in that case, but it is not guaranteed.  Please do not look up answers from any source.  Your diagnostic survey grade is only based on
participation.  It will help me to teach the course better if your answers are given honestly, without looking up answers. 
It is worth 2 participation points (about 0.2% on your grade - bonuses do add up).  Let me know if you have a technical problem with the survey.
1c) Do the mid-course diagnostic survey.  It is on BlackBoard, due at 4pm on Tue Mar. 29.
1d) Do the post-course diagnostic survey.  It is on BlackBoard, due on Mon May 2 at 11:59pm.
You have one hour and one try for this survey, with no back-tracking of answers, so ensure that you have a good Internet connection before you start.
It is to help me teach better, so please do not look up any answers if you do not know them.
It is worth 2 bonus participation points.
1e) Do the official UL online course survey at the end of the course.  Upload a screenshot which shows that you did it.  It is worth 2 participation points. To get the credit,
i) DO the survey by Mon May 2 at 11:59pm, and
ii) UPLOAD your screenshot to the BlackBoard assignment by that time/date.

 
2) Astrophotos.
a) See the Extra Credit page for details on taking pictures of sunrise/sunset (6 photos, spaced
7-10 days apart, worth up to +2% on your grade) moon phases (4, spaced 5-9 days apart, up to +1% on your
grade), planets (at least one photo, including a planet and either another astronomical object or ground objects for reference)
and sunspots (2, spaced about 7 days apart, worth up to +1% on your grade).  There are
mandatory worksheets associated with each one, as these are treated as scientific observations.
NEW: Help NASA track the growing problem of satellite constellations (Starlink etc.) by photographing and uploading them.
See the Extra Credit page for details.
The deadline for each assignment is at at the final exam.
There is no extra credit for a planetarium show or planispheres during COVID/hybrid semesters,
because the planetarium is mostly closed.


3) Watch "A Private Universe" (20' video, linked from the class supplemental site, Ch 1). Feel free to use other material, including
`Radio Wave Errors: Students Mistaking Radio Transverse Electromagnetic Light Waves as Longitudinal Sound Waves', linked from the class supplemental site (Ch 1 listing).
As *always* expected in college-level academic work, type on paper, and cite your sources. Submit a PDF file, and use 12 point type.
 
In about 150-200 words (about a half page), summarize the video.
Then, in about 200-250 words (maximum one page), write about
(a) any misconceptions about astronomy (or other science) you have had so far in your academic history, or
misconceptions you think others might have, and how you  think they arose in either inside or outside the classroom
(GIVE A DETAILED EXAMPLE),
(b) how those misconceptions were overcome (or not overcome), and
(c) how you think we can help to correct those misconceptions in Astronomy 107, possibly including but not limited to
smaller class size, weekly recitations with a TA, tutoring, using visual aids, Astronomy 108 labs, group assignments or
anything else you can think of.   I will share results with our department and college.
As usual in a college course, grammar, spelling and style count. Each error in grammar or spelling will reduce the grade by 10%.
DUE: Mon May 2 at 11:59pm (EXTENDED), via BlackBoard upload.
Worth: up to 1.5% on your participation grade.

4a) Watch the recorded the 2021 Bullitt Lecture in Astronomy.  The speaker is
Dr. Nathan De Lee (NKU), on exoplanets and life in the Universe.  Write a one page (about 250 word) summary, to be uploaded on
BlackBoard by TBA.  It should be written in college-level prose, and grammar, spelling and style count.
It is worth up to +1% on your participation grade.
The slides and an audio file are on the class protected site.
4b) Attend and summarize the Astronomy on Tap lecture by Dr. Williger on Feb. 2, at 7pm at Monnik Beer Co., 1036 E. Burnett, Louisville KY 40217.
Write a one page (about250 word) summary. Grammar, spelling and style count.
It is worth up to +1% on your participation grade. Submit via BlackBoard by the end of the day on May 2 (EXTENDED).
4c) Attend and summarize the Astronomy on Tap lecture by Dr. Holwerda on Mar. 2, at 7pm at Monnik Beer Co., 1036 E. Burnett, Louisville KY 40217.
Write a one page (about 250 word) summary. Grammar, spelling and style count.
It is worth up to +1% on your participation grade.  
Submit via BlackBoard by the end of the day on May 2 (EXTENDED).
 4d) Attend and summarize the Astronomy on Tap lecture by Dr. Haberzettl on *SAT* Mar. 26, at 7pm at Monnik Beer Co., 1036 E. Burnett, Louisville KY 40217.
Write a one page (about 250 word) summary. Grammar, spelling and style count.
It is worth up to +1% on your participation grade. NOTE: It was not recorded.

5) Submit a mnemonic for the stellar spectral classes OBAFGKM and an additional one for brown dwarfs
(including LTY), via a BlackBoard forum. 
**YOU MUST USE THE BLACKBOARD DISCUSSION FORUM TO SUBMIT. LOOK UNDER "COURSE TOOLS".**
Deadline: 4pm, Tue 31 Mar (EXTENDED TWICE).  See the forum for details.
You get an extra participation point for each entry (maximum of one per category) and the first,
second and third places get 5, 3 and 1 bonus clicker points respectively.

WINNING ENTRIES:

OBAFGKM
1st: Oh Boy, Another Freaking Giraffe Kicked Mom. (J. Kamikazi)
2nd: Only Bother Amy For Green Kale Milkshakes. (L. Gaines)
3rd: Okay But a Friend Generally Knows Me. (A. Schultz)

OBAFGKMLTY
1st: Obviously, Big Alpacas Form Great Killing Machines Like The Yakuza. (J. Kamikazi)
2nd: Only Books Accomplish Fully Goodlooking, Kind Men.  Ladies Tolerate You. (K. Isner)
3rd: Open Books, Awaiting Fine Gold Kingdoms Magically Looking Tranquilly Young. (A. Schultz)

6) Solar Crossword.
The due date is Tue 29 Mar (EXTENDED) at the beginning of class. 
The clues and crossword grid are on the protected site in the file ch10_crossword.pdf
Then answer the questions on the BlackBoard test.  You can get up to 5
bonus clicker points (roughly +0.5% on your grade) for it, scaled by the percentage you get right.
I recommend that you do it BEFORE Big Quiz 2, to learn the material.

7) Make a scale model of a research satellite or telescope. It must be something
you put together by hand. Just making a 3D printout from a file or buying something ready-made does not count,
since the point is to put labor into it and to get to know the parts of the instrument.
It can be a satellite like Cheops (printable file on Protected site, use cardboard stock),
the Hubble Space Telescope, James Webb Space Telescope, Mars Perseverance Rover etc. or
a ground-based telescope like the Keck Telescope. Talk with Dr. W. for details.
Credit will generally be a minimum of +1% but could be more depending on the complexity
of the model. It is due by the last day of class, and the model must be shown to classmates.
Models of rockets do not count. It must be a research instrument. For reference, the Cheops model
is worth +2% as it has a number of parts which must be cut out and glued together.
Deadline: by 5pm on Mon May 2.  It must be shown to Dr. W. in person.
See printable models and auxiliary material at https://www.physics.louisville.edu/williger/Pa107_links/Pa107_models/


8) Vote on BlackBoard in the survey to delay Midterm-2 from Mar. 24 until Mar. 31. The deadline to
vote is Tue. Mar. 22 by 4pm. Voting counts as +1 bonus clicker point.

9) Listen to the Apr. 5, 2022 radio interview with Apollo XIII astronaut Fred Haise here.  Type a 250-300 word double-spaced
summary.  Grammar, spelling and style count.  Turn it in by May 2 at 11:59pm by BlackBoard upload (EXTENDED).

 


 
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Cheating is grounds for automatic failure of the course.  ZERO TOLERANCE.
The official University definition and procedures are in
                        Sections 5-6 of the Student Handbook
I use cheating detection software.  I will report cheating or allegations of cheating
to the Dean.  COPYING HOMEWORK FROM ANOTHER PERSON OR A REFERENCE
(INCLUDING WIKIPEDIA)
, USING COMMUNICATIONS DEVICES OR
PASSING INFORMATION ON CALCULATORS DURING
TESTS,
"CLICKING" FOR SOMEONE ELSE (AUTOMATIC PENALTY IS AT LEAST -2% ON YOUR GRADE FOR EACH PARTY AND EACH OFFENSE AND A REPORT TO THE DEAN),
TRYING TO GAIN UNFAIR ADVANTAGES COMPARED TO OTHER

STUDENTS AND PLAGIARISM ARE ALL EXAMPLES OF CHEATING.  AVOID EVEN THE
APPEARANCE OF CHEATING.  SHARING CALCULATORS IS PROHIBITED
DURING TESTS.
UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES IS IT *EVER* ACCEPTABLE TO COPY SOMEONE ELSE'S WORK VERBATIM AND TURN IT IN AS YOUR OWN.
THIS INCLUDES IF YOU'RE COLLABORATING OPENLY ON HOMEWORK (ALLOWED) OR TWO STUDENTS ARE MARRIED TO EACH OTHER.
This policy is
done to protect the integrity of the grades of the vast majority of students who
are honest.  Rather than cheat, it is far easier to ask for help in the class.
I ask for everyone's support toward this goal.
Here is an example of cheating on homework.  See
"Close the Book. Recall. Write It Down." at the bottom of
my teaching page.


Announcements:



If you are interested in more looking through telescopes and learning about astronomy, check out the
Louisville Astronomical Society at www.louisville-astro.org. There are students in the organization, including
Kyle Kenner,  who was in a previous Astronomy 107 class.

ASTRO-POETRY:  Class member from Autumn 2008 Morghan Tyler wrote some inspired poetry:
In Stars Tonight
Astronomy Lab Sestina

Syllabus (subject to revision):  the Earth-Moon system, nature of light, telescopes, planets,
moons, comets & asteroids, the Sun, stars (their births, lives, deaths and planetary systems),
the Milky Way galaxy, other galaxies, the Big Bang and early history of the Universe.
The 2 page summary will be posted on BlackBoard.
In case of ambiguity or conflict, the class website is the final authority for class policy.



Two big  things you can do to improve your performance: DO HOMEWORK and GET HELP WHEN YOU NEED IT.



During the semester, I reserve the right to relax the grading scale.  A grade of A-,A,A+ or "benefit of the doubt" when a student is near a grade
boundary also depends on conduct: no cheating, knowingly letting someone copy off your work or anti-social behavior.


If you want to talk about your grade, please make an appointment to speak in real time (not just e-mail). 
UL regulations state that BlackBoard is the preferred method of distributing information about grades.
Since only about a third of your grade is determined by the withdrawal deadline at mid-semester,
nearly everyone has a chance at a good grade (B or better) at that point, if good effort has been made on homework and participation.




IN CASE YOU WITHDRAW: 
Withdrawing from a class is a loss of time and resources for both the student and the University.
Please let Dr. W and your academic advisor know why.  It will help to minimize withdrawals in the future.